13-1

Comprehension questions, Chapter 13-1
Write on paper, or on blog.

What was the goal for Roosevelt after the war?  What were Soviet goals about Germany?

- Roosevelt was hoping for a more peaceful world with a better economy. The soviets became concerned about the security. The Soviets wanted to keep Germany weak and make sure that the countries between Germany and the Soviet Union were under their control.

What did FDR think was 'key' to world peace?

- FDR thought that economic growth was the key to world peace. They wanted to do that by increasing world trade.

What was 'declaration of liberated europe, and how successful was it?'

- It gave the right to the people to choose the form of government under which they will live. The declaration of liberated Europe was successful.

How was Germany to be controlled?

- by being divided into four zones. Great Britain, the US, soviets, and France each controlled one zone.

What was Truman's view about how to deal with USSR?

- Truman told Stalin that he he needed to hold free elections like he promised.

What is a satellite nation?

- The communist countries of Eastern Europe. 

What is an 'iron curtain'

- The wall separating the east and west of Europe. On one side there is the communist nation and on the other is the non-communist nation.

Earth Day

Movie Summary - 

"A Fierce Green Fire" is a movie about the huge environmental movement during the 20th century. During this time people started realizing the impact of what they were doing had on the earth and  realized they needed to change what they were doing. The movie gets an in depth looks at activism, and people doing everything in their power to make progress towards a happier and healthier world. The movie looks at many previously unknown environmental hazards, like the Love Canal, and how many people worked together in order to save their lives. "Watch Film: A Fierce Green Fire." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 24 Apr. 2014.

Pollution -

A study done in Mongolia found a large relation of the use of coal- burning stoves, and chance of a miscarriage. This data, brings up the idea that coal is one of the many things that is polluting our air system, and leading to major problems like miscarriages.  Researchers say that the evidence is "alarmingly strong," that coal fumes are bad to be inhaling while pregnant, so it makes you wonder what other impacts coal fumes have on people. If humans as a whole can try to prevent pollution the world would become a much better place, causing less diseases and other impacts on people.

Childrens Hospital Los Angeles. "Pollutants from coal-burning stoves strongly associated with miscarriages in Mongolia." SienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 23 April 2014. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/04/140423142830.htm>.

How what we eat effects the world around us - 

This article discusses a new report about how harmful mass consumption of dairy and meet is. Those two food categories are staples in many peoples diets, which is not very good. It takes so much energy, especially nitrogen, to produce that food and get it on your dinner table, that nitrogen pollutants are becoming a bigger and bigger deal. Another problem with the massive dairy and meet consummation, is that the animals who provide the food for us, take up lots of space. There will be a point when our society runs out of farmland, and our food production will reach a plateau. I guess we will cross this bridge when we come to it.

Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. "Nitrogen pollution, climate and land use: Why what we eat matters." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 25 April 2014. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/04/140425093605.htm>.

My Opinion - 

If we want to change any of theses things it will mostly depend on what we do in our everyday life. If it is either not littering that one piece of trash or not eating that one meal that would be harmful. For something to happen we need to take action as a whole, doing one small thing at a time as a community.

12-4 Notes

Main idea - different battles going on that caused people to lose or gain land. 

Casablanca Conference - stepping up the bombing on Germany. 

Strategic bombing - bombing Germany a lot at one time to destroy their economy

Dwight D. Eisenhower - in command of the invasion towards Italy. 

DUKW - an amphibious truck that was effective in bringing supplies and artillery to soldiers. 

Cassino - where Germany went to defend off the allied. They fortified the whole town.

Anzio - where the allies chose to land, behind the Germany lines. 

Tehran - Stalin and Roosevelt agreeing to break up Germany so it wouldn't threaten world peace. 

Overlord - code name for the planned invasion. 

Pas de Calais - where the Germans thought the allies would be when they attacked. 

Why did they choose D-Day. - the conditions had to be right do they picked that certain day. Eisenhower's planning staff referred to the day any operation began by the letter D.

Omaha beech - a code name for the barrage of fire along the coast. 

Plan in the Pacific - taking back islands none at a time to push back the Japanese. 

Island Hopping - general MacArthur's action of trying to take back his islands. 

Tarawa - the navy's first objective of the pacific. 

LVT - a boat with tank tracks. 

Guadalcanal - Mac Arthur's first invasion. 

Leyte Gulf - the largest naval battle in history. The first time the Japanese used kamikaze attacks. 

Kamikaze - crashing their planes into American ships, killing themselves but inflicting severe damage. 

I Intro (Leave Blank for now)
The Great Depression involved many people and businesses going bankrupt. The stock market and banks had a big part to do with it. Many people liked to blame Roosevelt for these acts even though he tried to fix them. People kept losing money because of overspeculation and using money that wasn't theirs. This made the stock market crash because there were t priced right, leading to a crash. The march from Portland to Washington left many homeless and without jobs.

II Causes (The causes of the great depression were bank closings, stocks failing, and prices going down.)
A overspeculation (Define, how important)
People who bought stocks that they were very confident in. the stocks weren't really the best stocks and weren't that profitable. The stocks became over priced and caused the market to crash. People thinking the market would do much better than it really does, thinking it would keep rising.

B Govt Policy
A declaration of the governments political activities and plans. The Government didn't do much when Hoover was in presidency.

C Unstable Econ
The economy was unstable due to people taking their money out of banks causing them to go bankrupt and close.

1 uneven prosperity
Not everybody was gaining money. In most places only the rich got richer and the poor either stayed the same or got poorer.

2 overproduction
People produced too much of a product than people bought. The products never got sold and caused them to lose a lot of money.

3 worker issues / farm issues
The farmers got new machinery that helped the efficiency of working. Things got so efficient that it was hard to make a profit. They were making more product than they could sell.

III Effects

A Poverty
The economy still kept going down in the 20s. The farms and stock market crash didn't help much to add to the economic disaster we already had. People couldn't even sustain themselves.

B Society
After the great depression many men and women were left without jobs. they struggled to find a job
because a lot of businesses were going out of business. Banks had failed and a lot of farmers couldn't make a profit anymore. The economy overall wasn't doing well.

C World
after the great depression the economy went into a dark hole. it was already at a low point before he depression but the bank failures and stock market made it even worse. Lots of people were left without jobs. there was anger towards our leaders after the depression which allowed people like Hitler to rise to power.

IV Solutions
Roosevelt tried implementing a new deal and broadening his powers. The new deal was a series of laws tat were a response to the great depression

A Hoover
At the start of Hoovers presidency the stock market crashed. He promised people of a new deal of
government interventions which helped the recovery of the depression. Hoover didnt do much for us besides a few public works projects.

1 Volunteerism
Hoover tried using volunteerism by not reducing their work hours or wages. Volunteerism was used to try and help the economy.

2 Public Works
Hoover tried using public works to help boost the economy. Government funded projects.

3 Hawley Smoot
raising the price of the average tariff

4 RFC
The RFC was a public work that tried to help the banks come out of bankruptcy. They were given $2 billion to make loans to banks. The reconstruction Finance Company

B Roosevelt
Beter President, did more to help during the Depression

1 new deal
Programs in response of the great depression, focusing on reforming and recovery.

a alphabet soup
         
CCC provided relief for unemployed workers
WPA provided unemployment relief
CWA provided unemployment relief
           
b Criticsim?
Roosevelt recieved a lot of criticism on his New Deal, people believed it did too much or didnt do enough.

2 2nd new deal
The second New Deal were acts passed to help give us security like social security
a Social Security
b National Labor Relations Act
c Conservative Coalition
V Criticicism
B Political Criticism (ex. Came from both the left and right)
A Conservatives
The conservatives thought the New Deal didnt go with the way America was founded. It made the Government have too much involvement in business affairs and the personal money of citizens.
B Liberals (ex: criticised the new deal also. They....)
Thought it didnt do enough
Wanted more government involvement
VI Effectiveness
A Changes in US
The US worked its way out of the depression through their relief programs and social security.
B Unions
Unions were formed as workers began to do sit down strikes. The Government tried to break up the unions.
C Culture
The US changed the way it worked, businesses changed the way they worked and the Government changed their focuses.
VII Conclusion

Hoover didnt do much in the Depression, leaving a lot of work for Roosevelt which he eventually brought us out of. There were many causes of the Depression that I think we could solve very easily today, having experience of how to handle certain things like this.

Operation Fortitude

Operation Fortitude was a code name for the deception operations used by the allied forces. The overall codename for this operation is "Bodyguard." It had a connection with the Normandy landing which was also called "Operation Overlord." This operation was divided into Fortitude North and Fortitude South. By doing this the Germans thought the main attack in France would happen in Pas de Calais rather than Normandy. Germany then was mislead of the location the major battle would be in. Operation was one of the most successful deceptions in the war and possibly the most important.

The Allies had a lot of tricks up their sleeve to make it seem like they were following through the original plans they told them. They would have false radio traffic that they knew would be intercepted by the Germans making them think the First US Army Group was active. Another trick they would do is take their tanks and trucks for a ride down the road to make tracks in the field,making them think that they have moved and that the army was on foot.

Fortitude North was made to mislead the Germans to Norway and make them think the major invasion would be held there. Fortitude South had a similar job to the North but its job was to create a deception in Pas de Calais making them think the invasion was there. By doing this the Germans had their troops stationed at a place where an invasion never happened, giving the Allied a head start. Operation Fortitude was such a great success that people started considering using it in their own invasions. Hitler noticed how well the operation went and said he will start implementing these tactics into his attacks.

Operation Fortitude had great success because they made people believe they would attack in a certain area, causing them to defend that place heavily. Since they brought all of their troops to that one area they had a lot of open spaces around it. They had so much focus on one area that the Allied simply went a different way where there was no support. By the time the Germans realized their counter attack they had already taken control of a big portion of the continent, making it hard for the Germans to fight them off.

Radio script

BREAKING NEWS!                                                                                                                Eli W.

                                                                                                                                                 Period 5

In the streets of Harlem a fight broke out between two men who were heavily intoxicated around 10:00pm next to what looked like a general store. The cops rushed to the scene and came to the conclusion that the store was a speakeasy, somewhere you can buy illegal alcohol. The cops busted the speakeasy and arrested the owner of the store. Alcohol has recently been banned due to Prohibition. Prohibition has continued to cause trouble within the streets of Harlem. There have been over 10 arrests involving alcohol in the past week.

Now here's a word from our sponsor!

"Alec does his sponsor as a commercial"

And now to Riley and Jason with sports!

Mickey Mouse 1920's

In 1928 one of Walt Disney's distributors stole his character he thought up, Oswald The Lucky Rabbit. Walt Disney made up a new character on the way back from a business meeting called Mickey Mouse. This character has two big round ears, with black and white colors. He was first shown to the public when the cartoon Steamboat Willie aired. When sound first started coming into cartoons Walt Disney made his voice as Mickey Mouse. Ever since Mickey's first debut in Steamboat Willie he has become the star of cartoons. He was seen later in many shorts including Plane Crazy which predated Steamboat Willie. Mickey is seen as the face of Disney and some people say he is what made them popular. Everybody loves Mickey as an icon because Disney movies and cartoons often deal with happiness and how he brings happiness to everyone else. Kids often say that Mickey is one of their favorite cartoon characters. The original name of Mickey was going to be "Mortifer" until his wife suggested in naming it Mickey. Walt then decided to give Mickey a lifetime girlfriend named Minnie Mouse along with their dog named Pluto. By 1937 Mickey really took off with Disney producing more than 12 shorts a year. Years later is when Mickey got his first theme park and newspaper comic strip. Mickey has evolved to be more than a Disney character and is seen as much more to people. I wonder what would have happened if the distributor never stole his first character, making Mickey non-existent.

Sources -http://history1900s.about.com/od/1920s/a/Mickey-Mouse.htm
http://farrells.people.cofc.edu/Farrell/Mickey%20Mouse%20Analysis/MickeyMouseAnalysis.html#history